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RAID 1 Mirror Recovery

Two discs that wore out together. A resync that copied the wrong way round. A box that failed with both members in perfect health inside it. None of those is a dead end. Each half is imaged on its own, the two are judged on what they actually hold rather than on a status flag, and your files come off whichever proves the stronger.

A mirror is quoted, never guessed at. Diagnosis costs nothing and the written figure comes after it — from £500 + VAT counted by disc, with logical work under no fix, no fee.

// when two copies stop being two copies

Both discs there, and no volume at all

A mirror makes one promise and keeps it well: the volume carries on when a single disc dies. Every position below goes around that promise rather than through it, which is why they end up in a padded box on the way to Guildford.

A pair that wore out together

Two drives from one order, powered up on the same morning and given identical work ever since, do not politely fail years apart. The gap is usually weeks, and whatever wore the first one out has been doing the same to its partner throughout.

The box dies before either disc does

In a two-bay NAS or a mirrored desktop, the first thing to fail is generally the controller or the bridge rather than a member. Two perfectly sound discs end up sealed inside a case that no longer speaks to anything, and each then has to be read on its own terms.

A resync that ran the wrong way

Reinsert the wrong disc, or leave the enclosure to work it out unsupervised, and the empty or out-of-date member is copied straight over the current one. The mirror does exactly what mirrors do, at full speed, in the wrong direction.

Two halves telling two different stories

Where the pair ran degraded at different times, each ends up holding a different version of the same folders. Merge them carelessly and they spoil each other. Copy them apart and each is free to give up whatever only it still holds.

Damage copied at the speed of the bus

A deletion, a corrupt write, a bad update, an encryption run: mirroring exists to reproduce writes the instant they happen, so all of those reach both halves together and neither disc is spared any of it.

Firmware that took the enclosure down with it

A NAS firmware update that fails partway, or an operating system that eats its own boot volume, leaves a dead box with two healthy discs locked inside. The way out is to copy each disc and raise the volume on hardware that works.

// the point people are never told at purchase

A mirror is not a backup, and the difference is not pedantry

Consider what mirroring actually promises. Two discs are kept byte for byte identical, in real time, by copying each write to both of them before the operating system is told the write finished. Nothing in that arrangement inspects the write or has an opinion about it. Emptying a folder is a write. Encrypting a file is a write. Saving a mangled version over a good one is a write. Every one of those instructions is carried out faithfully on both members at the same instant, which is precisely what a mirror is for and precisely why it protects you from so little.

Set the two ideas side by side and the confusion clears. A backup is a copy of how things stood at some point in the past, kept apart from the original. A mirror is a live duplicate kept in the same chassis, on the same power supply, behind the same controller. One lets you return to Tuesday. The other lets you keep trading through a dead disc, which is worth having and is not the same service. Neither a deletion, nor a corrupt update, nor an encryption run, nor a lightning strike on the mains is answered by the second. Worth adding: nothing on this site is a backup product. There are no contracts and nothing to subscribe to. This is a bench that gets data back, and it will happily tell you where the copies ought to have been living instead.

Which half the box trusts, and why it sometimes trusts the wrong one

Every member carries a short status record — a counter that ticks with each event, a timestamp, a flag for whether that disc is currently in step. On assembly the two records are compared and the higher counter is treated as authoritative. That design works, and it accounts for most resync accidents. Take a disc out for a fortnight and return it, and its counter is genuinely behind, so the enclosure overwrites it, which is the right decision. But bring a mirror back up after the controller has failed and those records may be absent, damaged or misread, and the same logic reaches the wrong conclusion with identical confidence.

Nothing in the recovery depends on that record. Both members are copied first, and the better source is chosen on the contents rather than the flag: which image carries a coherent file system, which holds the later versions of documents whose dates you recognise, which shows the tell-tale pattern of having been written over. Reading a counter takes a second and can be wrong; reading the discs takes longer and is very much harder to mislead.

Mirror recovery across Berkshire, Surrey and London

Nearly every pair that arrives came out of a two-bay Synology, QNAP or Netgear box, or a small server under a desk: architects and surveyors around Wokingham and Windsor, letting agents and practices in Maidenhead and Ascot, engineering firms towards Camberley and Sandhurst, studios and agencies posting in from the London districts. Put both discs in one parcel to Guildford Data Recovery, Building 2, Ground Floor, Guildford Business Park, Guildford GU2 8XH, tracked and insured. The wider picture is on RAID recovery and NAS recovery, the whole county is covered from data recovery Berkshire, and every band is published under data recovery cost.

// the failures a mirror hides

The member that decays without telling anybody

A mirror can serve a read from either disc, which sounds harmless and hides a slow problem. Sectors go soft gradually. An enclosure with no scrubbing routine has no reason to touch a rarely used region for months, so a member can be quietly rotting while the volume reports itself healthy. When symptoms finally surface they are peculiar rather than dramatic: a document that opens on Monday and refuses on Thursday, a check that passes and then does not, software complaining about data it wrote itself. If that is the pattern that brought you to this page, both discs matter more than usual — the intact version of any given file may survive on only one of them.

Two jobs in one parcel

The pair is separated the moment the box is opened and treated as two independent recoveries. Each member goes onto a hardware imager, and any disc with a physical fault is stabilised at the clean bench before that starts. Then the two copies are set against each other: which contains more of your material, and which contains the newer version of it. Whichever wins becomes the base for the rebuild and the other fills its gaps. At no stage is anything written to either original.

Consumer boxes rarely run a textbook mirror

Synology lays its own volume manager over the standard Linux arrangement and a modern file system over that; QNAP does something similar with different names; X-RAID on a Netgear box adds expansion logic all its own. All of them can be read, and none of them can be read by pushing a member into a Windows machine and hoping. The practical consequence for you is small: send both discs rather than one, note which bay each came from, and say what make and model the unit was.

The two habits that decide how this job ends

The first is to stop as soon as you notice. A backwards resync takes a little more with every write it completes, so the minute between noticing and pulling the plug is genuinely the most valuable minute in the job. The second is to leave the discs alone. Trying each member in turn in a desktop machine to see which one works achieves nothing useful: at best you learn something the images would have told you anyway, at worst Windows offers to initialise the disc and somebody accepts. Initialise is the one word on this page that turns a routine job into an awkward one.

// related pages

Nearby on this site

// what people ask about mirrors

Common questions

Seldom. For two members to fail identically at the same moment is rare enough to be worth remarking on, so once both have been copied — with clean-bench work first where a disc needs it — one of the two almost always turns out to be the stronger source. The volume is raised from that image and its partner supplies anything still missing.
Just the two discs. A failed box rarely harms what was sealed inside it, so each member is read on its own terms and the volume is assembled from the resulting images. Only a genuinely proprietary format makes the enclosure worth its postage, and one call to 0800 689 0668 settles that before you start looking for a carton.
Frequently a great deal. A member that has been written over usually keeps recoverable material underneath, and the other disc still holds whatever it holds. Every write the resync completes takes a little more, which is why cutting the power at the moment you notice is what decides how this one ends.
From £500 + VAT, with the figure following how many discs have to be imaged. A sound pair on logical work keeps no fix, no fee. A member with an electronic or mechanical failure needs donor parts, so 50% of the quoted figure is payable upfront and the balance only when the data is back.
It does not, and the reasoning is set out at length above. The single event a mirror answers is one disc dying. Deletions, corruption, a bad update and an encryption run all arrive on both members together, and a failed controller removes the pair from service at the same second. Copies on separate media kept somewhere else are what actually protect you, and this lab does not sell those — it is a recovery bench, not a backup provider.
It works occasionally, and as a plan it is a poor bet. Most two-bay units put their own volume management around the mirror, so Windows finds something it cannot read and offers to initialise the disc, which is destructive. Even where a member does mount, you are picking a source with no way of knowing whether it is the current half or the stale one. Send both and let the comparison be made on evidence.

Mirror broken? Send the pair.

Both halves copied apart, the better one raised, the weaker one filling the gaps. Diagnosis is free.

// getting the media to the bench

Booking a device in — what actually has to happen

Hardly anything walks into this lab; it arrives in a padded box. Tracked, insured post is the least stressful thing that can happen to storage that has already given up, and a parcel handed over at a Bracknell post office before the last collection is usually in Guildford the following working day.

Is the storage still bolted into a machine — laptop, tower, iMac, MacBook, rack server, a DVR under the till? Free it first and send the bare unit. Stripping hardware is not something this lab does, though it is ten minutes' work for any repair shop on your high street. There is a single case with no way round it: memory chips soldered flat onto the mainboard, which is how Apple Silicon machines and certain ultrabooks are built. Where the storage cannot be unbolted, there is no parcel to make up.

  • Pick packaging that holds its shape — a rigid carton or a heavy padded mailer — and pack round the unit so it cannot shift in transit. Leave the caddy, the mains adaptor and the leads at home; none of them are wanted at this end.
  • Print the shipping and booking-in form (PDF), put your name and mobile on it along with a sentence describing how the fault started, and slip it in alongside the media.
  • Send it Special Delivery through the Post Office and it travels tracked and covered. A courier account of your own works just as well. The only thing that matters is that somebody signs for it at this end.
  • If you would sooner deliver it by hand, the Guildford reception on the address card takes devices over the counter, Mon–Fri 9:00am–5:30pm. Neither a Bracknell shopfront nor a pickup van exists — those are the two things we cannot offer.
// write this on the label

Guildford Data Recovery

Building 2, Ground Floor
Guildford Business Park
Guildford, GU2 8XH

↓ Print the shipping & booking-in form (PDF)

The name on the parcel wants to be Guildford Data Recovery. Driving it over from Bracknell is roughly forty minutes on the A322 then the A3; posting it costs you a stamp and a day. Either way, a message goes out to you as soon as it is logged onto the system, and two working days later the diagnostic is finished.

Unsure whether something should go in the box? Ring 0800 689 0668 while the lid is still open, or work through the free online diagnostic and let it tell you.